Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC): A disorder increasing the risk of colon cancer.
What is the Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC) ?
HNPCC, also known as Lynch syndrome, is a genetic condition that increases the risk of developing certain types of cancer, most notably colorectal cancer. Unlike traditional colon cancer, which often develops after the age of 50, HNPCC can lead to colon cancer at a much younger age.
What are the symptom of Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC)?
Symptoms of HNPCC often don’t appear until the development of cancer. However, some people may experience:
- Colorectal cancer: This can cause symptoms such as blood in the stool, abdominal pain, and changes in bowel habits.
- Endometrial cancer: This can cause abnormal bleeding or discharge.
- Ovarian cancer: This can cause abdominal pain, bloating, and pelvic pressure.
- Other cancers: HNPCC can also increase the risk of developing other cancers, such as stomach cancer, small intestine cancer, and kidney cancer.
Who can suffer from Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC)?
HNPCC is an inherited condition. If a parent has HNPCC, there is a 50% chance of passing the genetic mutation to their children.
What are the type of Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC) ?
There are several types of HNPCC, based on the specific gene mutation involved:
- MLH1 mutation: This is the most common type of HNPCC.
- MSH2 mutation: This is the second most common type of HNPCC.
- PMS2 mutation: This is a less common type of HNPCC.
- MSH6 mutation: This is the rarest type of HNPCC.
Which diagnostic are available for the Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC)?
If a family history of cancer suggests HNPCC, genetic testing can be used to confirm the diagnosis. This involves analyzing a blood sample to look for mutations in the genes associated with HNPCC.
What are the treatment of the Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC) ?
Treatment for HNPCC typically involves:
- Surveillance: Regular colonoscopies and other screenings can help detect and treat cancer early.
- Preventive surgery: In some cases, preventive surgery may be recommended to remove the colon or ovaries to reduce the risk of cancer.
- Treatment of cancer: If cancer develops, it will be treated according to standard guidelines for that type of cancer.
Which diet should I take ,if any ?
While there is no specific diet that can prevent HNPCC, maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle can help reduce the risk of cancer. This includes eating plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, limiting red meat and processed foods, and avoiding excessive alcohol consumption.
Which speciality of the doctor will Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC)?
Individuals with HNPCC should see a genetic counselor and a gastroenterologist. A genetic counselor can help assess family risk and provide information about genetic testing, while a gastroenterologist can provide surveillance and treatment for colorectal cancer.
In Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC) completely curable ?
HNPCC is not a completely curable condition, as it is caused by a genetic mutation. However, early detection and treatment can significantly improve the prognosis for individuals with HNPCC.
